Ethical Delimma Case Essay Example

Moral Delimma Case Essay Individuals think that its simpler to swindle what is gotten as a huge, nondescript substance like an organization or the legislature than to swindle a companion or associate, specialists state. Games, 2002) Ethics is so significant inside our general public that most moral qualities have been incorporated into the laws of our property. Society must have moral conduct so as to maintain the steady control that has been set. A moral issue is a circumstance wherein a choice must be made about the suitable conduct in which an Individual or organization should make to help request. It will regularly Involve an obvious clash between moral Imperatives, If complied with this would bring about one individual violating another. The historical backdrop of business In the US is covered with stories of extortion, double dealing and debasement, not just by the hands of an eager not many at the top, yet additionally with the assistance of representatives ready to oblige the act. (Valentine 2002) Generally, there are two significant methodologies that thinkers use in taking care of moral quandaries. One methodology centers around the down to earth outcomes of what we do; different focuses on the activities themselves. In any case, there are six center moral qualities cap have been set up to help society with moral conduct. Dependability, regard, obligation, reasonableness, mindful, and citizenship are the six instances of moral gauges. Deceptive conduct is characterized as lead that is deferent from what others inside or society accepts to be proper conduct. There are numerous reasons why individuals act deceptively. The most widely recognized reasons are that individuals have unexpected moral standard in comparison to those of society and individuals decide to act egotistical. We will compose a custom article test on Ethical Delimma Case explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Ethical Delimma Case explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Ethical Delimma Case explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer There are six stages to settling moral predicament. The basic moral structure approaches are to acquire the realities, distinguish the moral issues from the realities got, figure out who, what gathering or individual is influenced by the result of the issue, recognize options that the individual or people who are Involved must use to determine the predicament, distinguish the outcomes of these other options, and go to a choice about what is the proper move that ought to be made to determine the difficulty. The six-advance procedure has been consolidated by Thomas White, creator and educator of business morals and executive of the Center for Ethics and Business at Loyola Martyrdom college in Los Angels by offering a three-advance technique. (Martinez, 2000-2007) First examine the results, at that point break down the activity lastly settle on a choice. The general spotlight Is on the lawful Issues of what must be done versus what should be finished. Settling moral quandaries In workforce Is a basic issue that pretty much every administration has when the organization has a Lovers set AT representatives. Simplicity under 4-B Walton our content (Arenas, Elder, Ana Basely 108-109) presents a moral problem for Barbara Whitley. She is confronted with maturing a choice about what is the proper conduct for the circumstance that she is given by Jack Bean. Just like an inspector in the event that she discards the calendars as Jack (the director) is recommendation she do, she isn't behaving in an expert way as society urges the bookkeeping calling to accomplish for the general population or customer. Additionally, on the off chance that she doesn't discard the calendars this will probably cause trouble among her and Jack. Utilizing the six stages that help with settling situation recorded beforehand. While settling the difficulty, Barbara ought to have the option to investigate he foundation of the circumstance with a receptive outlook, the beginning of the situation and all the people required inside the contention. She ought to likewise search for any missing data that may be of significance to fathoming the issue. At that point, Barbara should start by get-together the significant realities which originate from her work, since this may contain material data that ought to be unveiled. Her difficult work ought not Just be discarded. The moral issue is whether to discard the timetables that contain the misquotes as Jack is advising her to do. Sufficiently simple to find cap all gatherings are influenced. Barbara is influenced in light of the fact that she is disregarding Rule 102 and her future with the firm might be influenced and her presentation assessment by Jack will be influenced more adversely than positive. Jack is influenced in light of the fact that his future with the firm is influenced just as his exhibition assessment of upper administration. Green, Thresher and Company, Spas are influenced in such a case that the review is finished late they will likely lose the arrangement. On the off chance that the customer finds the misquote; they could likewise be sued for these material errors since they didn't recognize or reveal them. Delaney Fabrics will be influenced, on the grounds that they might not have the opportunity to address the misquotes, on the off chance that they are not raised in time. Subsequently, extra cost will be brought about on the off chance that they need to alter their fiscal summaries if the errors exist and are not announced. Next, Barbara has options with outcomes of discarding the timetables and taking the risk that the customer will find the misquotes and sue. She can disclose to Jack that she won't discard the timetables and she most likely won't get a good audit. Where conceivable, attempt to talk with your administrator or another person you confide in if all else fails particularly if the choice you need to make influences the organization. Ensure that you dont expect that your organization will endure you accomplishing something incorrectly regardless of whether it benefits them. (Mueller, 2007) She could converse with upper administration about what Jack request that her do and she could be acknowledged for doing what she feels is morally right or dismissed by them for going over Jacks head to them. She could quit chipping away at the commitment and be named all through her vocation similar to an issue with co-mistakes. She could even stop the firm and pass up extraordinary information similar to an inspector. At last she ought to choose what the proper activity is by examining the issue inside and out with Jack for seeing simply because whatever else would be an infringement of Rule of Conduct 102. Disclosing to Jack that she will talk with upper administration is a decent methodology for Barbara. This will permit her to make the correct strides of rebuke for her expert field.

Theory and Hypothesis in Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hypothesis and Hypothesis in - Research Paper Example In light of various highlights of hypothesis, for example, its inner consistency, its consistency with existing realities, its potential for making unreasonable expectation and as a result of its testability, the discoveries of the hypothesis are applicable to theory’s clarifications of occasions as well as help to prove the discoveries of different scientists. The speculation for the most part related with some hypothesis has a more prominent possibility of being right than the sound judgment. Practically all logical speculations start as theories. The more the speculations are exposed to thorough tests under an assortment of conditions and suspicions and the more they hold up, the more valid they become after some time. The connection between the speculation and hypothesis serves to challenge recently held perspectives by presenting various series of expectations or later data other than extending the limits of research by deriving new theories from the hypothesis utilizing deductive rationale and extrapolating them to new circumstances. I surveyed the exploration paper â€Å"Socioeconomic Status and Beliefs about God’s In?uence in Everyday Life by Scott Schieman from the diary â€Å"The Sociology of Religion† to perceive how the creator utilizes hypothesis and theory.

The concepts “community” Essay Example for Free

The ideas â€Å"community† Essay Evaluation proof shows that you can: †¢ fundamentally examine the importance of the ideas â€Å"community† and â€Å"community development† †¢ examine a portion of the troubles experienced while clarifying these ideas †¢ give a verifiable foundation of network advancement †¢ fundamentally talk about how the significance of these ideas has changed after some time and how researchers affected by various belief systems and controls have given differing implications to these ideas †¢ use proof from the recommended readings Fundamentally examine the importance of the ideas â€Å"community† and â€Å"community development† Network Geographers underscore spatial viewpoints, business analysts underline work and markets and sociologists stress social connections and systems in their meanings of network. Network is additionally characterized as individuals in a given land area, the word can truly allude to any gathering sharing something in like manner. This may allude to littler geographic territories an area, a lodging task or improvement, a rustic region or to various other potential networks inside a bigger, topographically characterized network. Instances of network: The Catholic people group (or confidence network, a term used to allude to at least one assemblages of a particular confidence). Expressions of the human experience network The African American people group The training network The business network The destitute network The gay, lesbian, indiscriminate, and transgendered network The clinical network The Haitian people group The old network Regularly when we consider network, we think in geographic terms. Our people group is the city, town or town where we live. At the point when network is characterized through physical area, it has exact limits that are promptly comprehended and acknowledged by others. Characterizing people group as far as geology, be that as it may, is just a single perspective on. Networks can likewise be characterized by basic social legacy, language, and convictions or shared interests. These are some of the time called networks of intrigue. In any event, when network refers to a geographic area, it doesn’t consistently incorporate everybody inside the zone. For instance, numerous Aboriginal people group are a piece of a bigger non-Aboriginal geology. In bigger urban focuses, networks are frequently characterized as far as specific neighborhoods. A large portion of us have a place with more than one network, regardless of whether we’re mindful of it or not. For instance, an individual can be a piece of a local network, a strict network and a network of shared interests all simultaneously. Connections, regardless of whether with individuals or the land, characterize a network for every person. Network advancement The United Nations characterizes Community advancement as a procedure where network individuals meet up to make aggregate move and produce answers for regular issues. Network advancement is where network individuals meet up to make aggregate move and create answers for regular issues. Network prosperity (monetary, social, natural and social) frequently develops from this sort of aggregate move being made at a grassroots level. Network improvement ranges from little activities inside a little gathering to enormous activities that include the more extensive network. It is a wide term given to the acts of metro pioneers, activists, included residents and experts to improve variousâ aspects of networks, normally planning to manufacture more grounded and stronger neighborhood networks. Network improvement tries to engage people and gatherings of individuals by furnishing them with the aptitudes they have to cause in their networks. These abilities are regularly made through the development of enormous social gatherings working for a typical plan. Network designers must comprehend both how to function with people and how to influence networks positions inside the setting of bigger social establishments. Network advancement as a term has taken off broadly in anglophone nations for example the USA, UK, Australia, Canada and New Zealand and different nations in the Commonwealth. It is likewise utilized in certain nations in eastern Europe with dynamic network improvement relationship in Hungary and Romania. The Community Development Journal, distributed by Oxford University Press, since 1966 has expected to be the significant discussion for research and scattering of global network advancement hypothesis and practice. Network improvement approaches are perceived universally. These techniques and approaches have been recognized as noteworthy for nearby social, financial, social, natural and political advancement by such associations as the UN, WHO, OECD, World Bank, Council of Europe and EU. Examine a portion of the challenges experienced while clarifying these ideas Mayo (in Mae Shaw 2008:24) sees that it isn't only that the term has been utilized questionably; it has been challenged, battled about and appropriated for various uses and interests to legitimize distinctive legislative issues, approaches and practices. Stacey (in Mae Shaw 2008:24) additionally expresses that the vagueness of the term network likewise reveals to us something about its more extensive social criticalness and the manner by which it keeps on being appropriated to legitimize or legitimize a wide scope of political positions, which may some way or another be viewed as contrary. Kumar (2005:279) takes the discussion further by taking a gander at how the idea network has regularly been utilized in the execution of network based characteristic asset the board (from now on CBNRM) ventures. The way where the term network is spoken to reasonably, socially, strategically and geologically in CBNRM strategies shapes the manner by which connection ships and regulatory techniques are comprised and instituted. Mearns and Scoones (in Kumar 2005:279) contend that the idea of network has been underestimated, particularly, in strategies, ventures and furthermore the writing managing the CBNRM. They contend that a network has been depicted as an unmistakable social gathering in one land area, sharing basic attributes, in agreement and accord: pictures that really might be very misleading impressions of the real world. Uphoff (in Kumar 2005:280) contends that CBNRM faces two specific issues in how the network is conceptualized, initially, networks are not really limited social or land units, and nor are they prone to be homogeneous substances with single and concurred interests. It is this speculation of network that has made the usage of CBNRM troublesome. Give a chronicled foundation of network improvement One creator follows its history back to the mid-nineteenth century USA, while another discovers its cause in the mid twentieth century history of the USA. One says everything began in India in 1921, but another would credit the 1931 Gandhian investigation in provincial remaking as its beginnings. It is likewise guaranteed that the British pioneer heads of India were the makers of the subtle idea of network advancement. Fundamentally talk about how the significance of these ideas has changed after some time and how researchers affected by various belief systems and orders have given assorted implications to these ideas End About the early history of network advancement there is as meager understanding basically in light of the fact that there is no definition. List of sources: From Wikipedia, the free reference book Network Tool Box site PeerNetBC site

Choosing Essay Topics for School Magazine

Choosing Essay Topics for School Magazine Books ought never to be banned. Children should have to read more. Kids need to be able to vote. Parents of bullies should need to pay a fine. More any deficit it's composed from the school funds. Its circulation is restricted to students only. Thus general understanding of student increases. Because of this ever-increasing importance of social networking, it is now necessary to study this matter in schools. There are lots of photos showing the entire session activities of students and unique activities of school progress. The money required for this objective is got by a modest monthly subscription from every student. Many students that are looking for college application help may also locate these essay topics an amazing source to display their abilities and make a great impression. The writers read other books to raise their knowledge. Maybe you've got an interest in learning chess. He's helped by associate editors that are generally nice and intelligent students. On our site you will discover a great deal more useful one of a kind information that will certainly be practical for junior and higher school kids from, like common home task essay about Hamlet, in addition to, for instance, application essays for college for future students. A Startling Fact about Essay Topics for School Magazine Uncovered Year round school isn't a good idea. Facts, ultimately, will always win out against how folks are feeling at a specific moment. Parents should speak to kids about drugs at a youthful age. A minumum of one parent should work at home. Introducing Essay Topics for School Magazine Luckily essay writing is 1 location where you can. It is not really easy to compose a how-to essay. If your essay isn't an imaginative narrative, don't forget to do a little rese arch on the topic before you begin prodding your pen on the paper. At times, writing essays demands that you describe something exactly. This list of topics may offer a concept which you can get excited about. Deciding on a topic is a vital issue that partly estimates final success of the job. If you're not assigned a specific theme, you can go on looking for the inspiring topics by yourself. Narrow your choices to some topics, and then brainstorm for a couple of minutes about each topic. With these strategies, you can develop interesting and special topics in virtually no time in any respect. As a result of this, many disagree on the way the laws should change (if they ought to change at all) and there are a number of topics to pick from. If it's a college essay, it is crucial to consider what aspects of it is going to be evaluated. These are the types of things you'll be exploring when you compose a parenting argumentative essay. To choose which subject you're likely to discuss, it's essential to see the complete collection of good persuasive speech topics from the special area of study. Persuasive speech topics are among the most typical alternatives. Finding the proper topic for a premium quality demonstration speech may not be as simple as it sounds. Informative speech topics on the surroundings. Nobody really wishes to compose an essay. These are a few creative writing topics which will hopefully aid you in finding a great idea for your story. It's the brilliant case of persuasive writing! Not only can this make the writing a good deal better, but nevertheless, it will also keep you more focused when you're researching and writing.

Deviant Behavior Behavior, Class, And Conformity

The study of deviant behavior is one of the more complex studies of sociology. â€Å"Deviants are those individuals who do not live by the rules that the majority of us follow.†(Giddens, A., Duneier, M., Appelbaum, R. P., Carr, D) â€Å"Some do so by choice; others are incapable of following the rules because they lack the resources to do so.(Giddens, A., Duneier, M., Appelbaum, R. P., Carr, D) In the reality of our societies, we are all different, and no one society or individual is better than the next. Nor can our behaviors honestly be classified as better than the next. The common day practices in society are based on power, class, and conformity. These divisions of society play a major role in what is normal and what is considered to be deviant behavior. When I was 10 years old, I clearly remember committing my first deviant act as an adolescent. My brother and I were staying at our grandparent’s house for the summer. Our mother was a single parent who had two children with minimal help from my grandmother whom lived about an hour away from us. My mother was a full time college student as well as a full time employee. So growing up, we often spent a lot of time alone and we never had the things that we wanted, although I must be thankful because we never went without food, water, and shelter, as well as other necessities. My mother strived hard to provide for us as well as to better our circumstances but it wasn’t easy for her. Since she was always gone my brother and I grewShow MoreRelatedDeviance1701 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ The Objective/Subjective Dichotomy Objectivism: Deviance as an Act The assumption that there is something inherent in a person, behavior or characteristic that is necessarily deviant Statistical Rarity If a behavior or characteristic is not typical, it is deviant. Harm If an action causes harm, then it is deviant. Folkways: If you violate these norms you may be considered odd, rude or a troublemaker Mores: Those standards that are often seen as the foundation of morality in aRead MoreEssay about Social Deviance1123 Words   |  5 PagesDeviancequot; Social deviance stems from the passive-aggressive attitudes parents have upon their children. This pressure, coupled with societys own conformist attitude, causes certain members of the society to drift toward what sociologists call deviant groups. These deviant groups, like punks, hippies or other radical organizations, often fight against a society they deem unworthy of their attention and thus ignore. However Emile Durkheim pointed out that deviance is important for the structure of societyRead MoreThe Reasons Why People Commit Crime1659 Words   |  7 Pagesthem to not have any real reason not to commit a crime. Someone not having attachment, commitment, belief, or involvement to conforming people, will, also, have no reason to conform to social norms. The Social Environment Theory states that criminal behavior is learned and occurs when people feel strain to achieve their goals, have weak social bonds, have no commitment, involvement, belief, and attachment to conforming people , and have many definitions that favor crime. The theories that the Social EnvironmentRead MoreDeviant Behavior And Deviant Behaviour Essay1186 Words   |  5 PagesTheories of deviant behavior Deviant behavior is described as acts or individual characters that are contrary to social norms. These behaviors are usually against set rule or authority laws. Individuals expressing deviant behavior violate norms and rules other members of the society and are accustomed to or abide by. Deviant behavior is found to undergone change over time in the history of human civilization. Ability to predict another person’s behavior makes social life comfortable and bearableRead MoreEssay1224 Words   |  5 PagesMovie Review: Equilibrium 1 Movie Review: Equilibrium The movie Equilibrium is an excellent movie to relate to our Introduction to Sociology class. Equilibrium follows the life of John Preston, an elite member of a military team used to locate and destroy all things considered â€Å"sensory stimulating†. In this society all citizens are forced to take drugs that suppress all feeling and emotion. The reason for this is the leader â€Å"father† of this society believes emotion is the cause ofRead MoreWhat is Deviance? Essay1646 Words   |  7 Pages Deviance can be defined as an absence of conformity to the social norm. Not all deviant behavior is necessarily illegal or harmful to individuals, these behaviors can range from standing in another’s personal space to murdering another individual. In some cases, it can be looked upon as a positive change or a unique and favorable act. Although, considered deviant because it is not the social norm, it still can have a very positive social aspect or lead to social chan ge. Culture and the societiesRead MoreRobert Merton : Strain Theory1606 Words   |  7 Pagesstrain tends to occur, which is where Robert Merton developed his strain theory which consisted of five types of deviance: conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism and rebellion. To begin with, conformity is defined as the act of matching attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors to group norms. Whether it is noticeable everyone uses conformity continuously. For example, you are in class with your friends and the professor is giving a boring lecture. You and your friends want to leave but you do not moveRead MoreCrime Is Committed Within All Aspects Of Society892 Words   |  4 Pagesand personal relationships with other people contain more self-control over their actions and are less likely to deviate. It is when the social traits and bonds of an individual are strained or broken that the individual would more freely engage in deviant activities. The sociological definition of social control is â€Å"the means of promoting societal norms† (Shepard, 2013, p.172). Social control is experienced by an individual in two ways; internally and externally. The internalization of social controlRead MoreM382 Exam 1study Guide Essays1036 Words   |  5 Pagessocial situation d. Culture: Shared beliefs, values, symbols, ideologies-gt; changing patterns of learned behavior. (ex. After 9/11 one team, not individual players) (criteria: class, income, gender, age, education, occupation, religion, ethnicity, race, appearance, athleticism) ii. transformation of sport: social roles -gt; social statuses-gt; role behavior-gt; social interaction -gt; social organization e. Play: Free activity that involves exploring our environmentRead MoreThe Differential Theory And Social Control Theory1567 Words   |  7 Pagestheory are able to explain prostitutes. 1st paragraph: will be discussing what the modes of adaption theory are Robert Merton’s strain theory contains five adaption styles, which are known as the modes of adaption theory. The theory consists of conformity, innovation, ritualism and retreatism. Out of the five, innovation and retreatism can be used to explain why prostitutes participate in the sex trade. According to Agnew, â€Å"strain theories state that delinquency results when individuals are unable

The, And Deep Inside Me - 1693 Words

Elie Wiesel, in his novella Night, wrote, â€Å"And deep inside me, if I could have searched the recesses of my feeble conscience I might have found something like: Free at last!† (112). Wiesel was a victim in the Holocaust; this is a passage recounts his experiences in the concentration camps. For days, he has been carrying the burden of keeping his father alive, but these are his first thoughts after his dad dies. Though it would have been easier to let his father go, it was his responsibility for him to see a new day. The quote is a beautiful example of how much stress man will persevere through to fulfill his duties. The sense of responsibility influences man to perform selfless and courageous acts. Men have always had the responsibility†¦show more content†¦He thinks to himself in his novella Night, â€Å"If only I didn’t find him! If only I were relieved of this responsibility I could use all of my strength to fight for my own survival!† (106). Hi s wish to escape his dad’s needs becomes evident, as he explicitly wants to put his personal needs before his father’s. Elie does not switch priorities, even as he bears the stress of his responsibility to his dad. President Theodore Roosevelt gave a speech at the height of World War II, â€Å"Our sons, pride of our nation, this day have set upon a might endeavor, a struggle to preserve our Republic, our religion, and our civilization, and to set free a suffering humanity.† This was a prayer spoken over the soldiers who stormed the beaches in Normandy, France under the operation D-Day. While he goes on to say that most of the men will die, this quote lists reasons why they go to battle anyway. The responsibility to preserve America is given to each man who would shortly after embark on an operation destined to kill tens of thousands. Just like Elie, these young men put others before themselves and their duty is the soul reason they made this sacrifice. With frie ndship comes responsibility towards one another. Friends will look out for each other, support their decisions, and aid them when they may need assistance to complete an important task. In 1914 an unknown artist in the Brooklyn Eagle published a political cartoon titled,

Racism in Humane Behavior-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Write an Essay on Racism. Answer: Racism refers to the inhumane behavior of treating someone differently owing to their race and culture. People experience prejudice when a decision is formed without any kind of reason. Racism is an evil force that pervades our society and inspite of the advances made racism continues to act as a negative force that prevents the progression of the human race. It denies the human race of their dignity and is an act of supreme injustice (Forrest, Lean Dunn, 2016). According to me, racism paves the path for economic oppression that dehumanizes our society. I think that racism violates the basic principles in relation to social justice and brings to the fore the untold suffering that those who are displaced and homeless have to feel on account of racism that is perpetrated by a section of people who conceive of themselves to be racially superior (Whitmore, 2013). The AFL player, Adam Goodes being vilified in public platform though he was a great footballer goes on to show how racist behavior is woven in the fabric of Australian football. In the year 2013, a girl who was thirteen years old called Adam Goodes an ape that is indicative of the racial connections. I think that the fact that it came from the mouth of such a young girl speaks volumes about the deeper malaise in relation to racism that pervades the Australian society (Walton et al., 2014). It shows how the notions of racism are implanted in the mind of the Australian people from such a tender age that highlights the taboos and prevailing notion against the indigenous class. I think that the fact that he was victimized for having indigenous connections represent how human society is still dominated by notions of race that victimizes a group of people and strips them of their right of equality (Jonason, 2015). According to the Catholic social teaching, human life is sacred and dignity of human being sets the ground in the creation of a society that abides by moral principles. It conceives of a person being created in the image of God and so disrespecting the individual leads to the supreme creator not being respected (Grigg Manderson, 2016). The ethnic minority groups are represented within public debate and in politics by the opinion makers on their own terms who originate from that of the majority group. Racism does not merely refer to the overt form of social domination but it also refers to subtle forms that are expressed in relation to daily practice (Bodkin-Andrews Carlson, 2016). Research has shown that understanding impacts in relation to racism can be immensely helpful in developing anti-racism interventions. Impact in relation to racism that is perpetrated on the Aboriginal along with Torres Strait Islander are well-documented. I think that recognition of racism is an essential part of anti-racism education strategy. Silence along with denial act as the two major impediments in relation to countering racism within Australian society (Nelson, 2015). People who are subject of racial discrimination often stay silent regarding what has occurred. I think that they have the idea that racism cannot be done away with and hence accept the inferior position thrust on them by staying silent and not retaliating to the verbal slurs that are inflicted on them. It is found that the situation gets aggravated when racist behavior goes unchallenged because complaints are often ignored and denied (Dandy Pe-Pua, 2015). The true fabric of society can be understood by the way the vulnerable members of society are treated. I think that deprivation of poor affects a wide gamut of society and affects the whole community. I think that by paying special attention to the people who are marginalized the entire society can be redressed and it can lead the way in creating a just society. The needs of the poor should be taken into due consideration in order to create a just society based on the premises of equality. Education strategies that are anti-racist can help in curbing racism and there should be a trained Anti-Racism Contact Officer (ARCO) who can assist the parents and students in relation to complaints about racism. The principal of a school can select a member of teaching staff to become the ARCO of the school who has good mediation skills (Nelson, 2013). I think that they will be able to act as impartial facilitators in handling with the complaints. The state has an essential role to play and it sh ould ensure that the schools are appointing an ARCO so that the prejudices against racism are obliterated from the face of society. The state is an instrument that can ensure the promotion of human rights and help in building common good (Nelson, 2014). The government can play a pivotal role in removing the ugly thing called racism from the society. I think that it is important to understand the people of colour before forming an opinion on them (Whitmore, 2013). According to me, right amount of communication can help to resolve the conflict and remove the prejudice in relation to racial abuse. In order to seek clarity one should be asked for more information that can prove to be a stepping stone in removing differences. Any gaps in relation to knowledge should be bridged by asking for more information and one should be inquisitive one can reach a place of understanding (Massaro, 2015). According to Catholic Society Teaching, a healthy society can be created if the human rights are protected. Being a responsible citizen, I think that one should come forward and ask questions that can help in erasing doubts and lead to better understanding. I think that once a connection is established it would become easier to understand the perception and feelings of other people (Lewis, 2014). One should always step forward when any incident of racism is occurring and the racist assumptions should be challenged by revealing important facts along with that of evidence. I think that learning about racism can and supporting community events that are anti-racist can go a long way in minimizing the evil effect of racism within our social structure. Protests and rallies can be brought about that would talk about the importance of an equal society and how it can lead to the growth of the nation on the whole (Nelson, 2013). I think that making people conscious about the significance of a society where everyone is treated in a just manner can help in removing the wrong perceptions that one group of people have towards that of another group (Grigg Manderson, 2016). According to the Catholic Social Teaching, all workers have the right to earn decent wages under working conditions that are safe. There should not be any kind of discrimination in regard to people who belong to minority groups and this would help in creating a productive labour force where everyone would contribute to their utmost and lead to the development of the nation. I think that it would motivate all kinds of workers and engaging the employees can prove to be crucial in creating a harmonious society (Walton et al., 2014). There can be workers unions where people belonging to minority ethnic group can be members that would help in making sure that the voice of the minority is also represented and the decisions that are taken by the union would respect the opinion of the marginalized class (Forrest, Lean Dunn, 2016). References: Bodkin-Andrews, G., Carlson, B. (2016). The legacy of racism and Indigenous Australian identity within education.Race Ethnicity and Education,19(4), 784-807. Dandy, J., Pe-Pua, R. (2015). The refugee experience of social cohesion in Australia: Exploring the roles of racism, intercultural contact, and the media.Journal of Immigrant Refugee Studies,13(4), 339-357. Forrest, J., Lean, G., Dunn, K. (2016). Challenging racism through schools: teacher attitudes to cultural diversity and multicultural education in Sydney, Australia.Race Ethnicity and Education,19(3), 618-638. Grigg, K., Manderson, L. (2016). The Australian Racism, Acceptance, and Cultural-Ethnocentrism Scale (RACES): item response theory findings.International journal for equity in health,15(1), 49. Jonason, P. K. (2015). How dark personality traits and perceptions come together to predict racism in Australia.Personality and Individual Differences,72, 47-51. Lewis, V. B. (2014). DEMOCRACY AND CATHOLIC SOCIAL TEACHING: CONTINUITY, DEVELOPMENT, AND CHALLENGE.Studia Gilsoniana,3, 167-190. Massaro, T. (2015).Living justice: Catholic social teaching in action. Rowman Littlefield. Nelson, J. (2014). Place?defending and the denial of racism.Australian Journal of Social Issues,49(1), 67-85. Nelson, J. K. (2013). Denial of racism and its implications for local action.Discourse Society,24(1), 89-109. Nelson, J. K. (2015). Speakingracism and anti-racism: perspectives of local anti-racism actors.Ethnic and Racial Studies,38(2), 342-358. Walton, J., Priest, N., Kowal, E., White, F., Brickwood, K., Fox, B., Paradies, Y. (2014). Talking culture? Egalitarianism, color-blindness and racism in Australian elementary schools.Teaching and Teacher Education,39, 112-122. Whitmore, T. D. (2013). Catholic Social Teaching.Proceedings of the Catholic Theological Society of America,47.

Alaric - Formation of the Gothic Kingdom Timeline

Alaric - Formation of the Gothic Kingdom Timeline Alaric Sacks Rome | Alaric Timeline Alaric Before 395: Alaric, a Gothic king [see Visigoths Timeline], had no territory or power base beyond his soldiers, but he was leader of the Goths for 15 years. When he died, his brother-in-law took over. When he died, Walla, and then, Theoderic ruled the Goths, but by then the Gothic king finally had a physical territory over which to rule. One of the historical sources, Claudian, says Alaric confronted the Emperor Theodosius at the Hebrus River in 391, but Alaric didnt come into prominence until 4 years later, in 395, when Stilicho sent Alaric and auxiliary troops who had served in the Battle of the Frigidus to the Eastern Empire. 395-397: The historian Zosimus claims Alaric, upset that he lacked a proper military title, marched on Constantinople to try to get it. According to Claudian, Rufinus, (de facto head of the Eastern Empire at the moment) bribed Alaric with Balkan provinces to sack, instead. Looting, Alaric advanced through the Balkans and via Thermopylae into Greece. In 397, Stilicho led naval forces against Alaric, forcing the Gothic troops to Epirus. This act provoked Rufinus, so he persuaded eastern Emperor Arcadius to declare Stilicho a public enemy. He withdrew and Alaric received a military position, perhaps magister militum per Illyricum. 401-402: Between then and 401, nothing is heard of Alaric. Gainas, a Gothic military leader under Theodosius, went in and out of favor so that Alaric thought his Goths would be better off elsewhere. They set off for the Western Empire, arriving at the Alps on November 18. Alaric threatened to invade Italy, and then carried through. He fought against Stilicho at Pollentia (map ), on Easter in 402. Stilicho won, took Alarics loot, his wife, and his children. The two sides signed a truce and Alaric withdrew from Italy, but soon Stilicho claimed Alaric had violated the terms, so they fought in the summer of 402 at Verona. 402-405: Although the battle was indecisive, Alaric withdrew to the Balkans, where he stayed until 404 or 405 when Stilicho granted him the office of magister militum for the West. In 405, Alarics people went to Epirus. This, again, upset the Eastern Empire who saw it as preparation for an invasion of Illyricum (map ). 407: Alaric marched to Noricum (Austria) where he demanded protection money what was probably enough to repay his losses at Pollentia in return for not invading Italy. Silicho, who wanted Alarics help elsewhere, persuaded Emperor Honorius and the Roman Senate to pay. 408: Arcadius died in May. Stilicho and Honorius planned to go East to tend to the succession, but Honorius magister officiorum, Olympius, persuaded Honorius that Stilicho was planning a coup. Stilicho was executed on August 22. Olympius refused to honor Stilichos bargain. Alaric next demanded gold and a hostage exchange, but when Honorius refused, Alaric marched on Rome and put the city under siege. There he was joined by veterans of other barbarian battles. The Romans feared starvation, so they promised to send an embassy to Honorius (in Rimini) to convince him to settle with Alaric. 409: The imperial legation met the Romans. Alaric demanded money, grain (it wasnt just the Romans who were hungry) and the top military office, magisterium utriusque militiae which post Stilicho had held. The imperials conceded money and grain, but not the title, so Alaric marched on Rome, again. Alaric made two more attempts with smaller demands, but was rebuffed, so Alaric set up his second siege of Rome, but with a difference. He also set up a usurper, Priscus Attalus, in December. The historian Olympiodorus says Attalus gave Alaric his title, but rejected his advice. 410: Alaric deposed Attalus and then took his troops near Ravenna to negotiate with Honorius, but he was attacked by a Gothic general, Sarus. Alaric took this as a token of Honorius bad faith, so he marched on Rome, again. This was the major sack of Rome mentioned in all the history books. Alaric and his men sacked the city for 3 days, ending on August 27. [See Procopius.] Along with their plunder, the Goths took Honorius sister, Galla Placidia, when they left. The Goths still didnt have a home and before they acquired one, Alaric died of a fever very soon after the sacking, at Consentia. 411: Alarics brother-in-law Athaulf marched the Goths into southern Gaul. In 415, Athaulf married Galla Placidia, but the new western magister utriusque militiae, Constantius, starved the Goths out, anyway. After Athaulf was assassinated, the new Gothic king, Walla, made peace with Constantius in exchange for food. Galla Placidia married Constantius, producing a son Valentinian (III) in 419. Wallas men, now in the Roman army, cleared the Iberian peninsula of Vandals, Alans, and Sueves. In 418 Constantius settled Wallas Goths in Aquitaine, Gaul. The Goths in Aquitaine were the 1st autonomous barbarian kingdom inside the Empire. Source Irene Hahns Review of Michael Kulikowskis Romes Gothic Wars: From the Third Century to Alaric (Key Conflicts of Classical Antiquity. Take the Alaric Quiz.

The Very Hungry Caterpillar by Eric Carle

The Very Hungry Caterpillar by Eric Carle What makes a childrens book so popular that by 2014, the 45th anniversary of its publication, more than 37 million copies had been sold and it had been translated into more than 50 languages? In the case of Eric Carles The Very Hungry Caterpillar, its the combination of wonderful illustrations, an entertaining story, and a unique book design. Carles illustrations are created with collage techniques. He uses hand-painted papers, which he cuts, layers, and shapes to create his colorful artwork. The pages of the book vary in size, which is part of the fun. The Story The story of The Very Hungry Caterpillar is a simple one that emphasizes numbers and days of the week. The caterpillar is not only very hungry, but he also has unusual tastes in food, ones that delight children. After popping out of an egg on Sunday, the very hungry caterpillar eats holes through the books pages as he eats his way through a variety of foods, beginning with one apple on Monday and two pears on Tuesday and ending with five oranges on Friday and 10 different foods on Saturday (chocolate cake, ice cream, a pickle, Swiss cheese, salami, a lollipop, cherry pie, sausage, a cupcake, and watermelon). Not surprisingly, the very hungry caterpillar ends up with a stomach ache. Fortunately, a serving of one green leaf helps. The now very fat caterpillar builds a cocoon. After staying in it for two weeks, he nibbles a hole in the cocoon and emerges a beautiful butterfly. For an entertaining explanation of why his caterpillar comes out of a cocoon rather than a chrysalis, see Eric Carles website. The Artwork and Design Eric Carles colorful collage illustrations and the books design add immensely to the books appeal. Every page has a hole in it where the caterpillar eats through the food. The pages for the first five days are different sizes, corresponding to the number of pieces of food the caterpillar eats. The page for the day the caterpillar eats one apple is very small, a little bigger for the day it eats two pears, and full size for the day it eats five oranges. Why Eric Carle Writes About Small Creatures As for the reason so many of his books are about small creatures, Eric Carle gives the following explanation: When I was a small boy, my father would take me on walks across meadows and through woods... Hed tell me about the life cycles of this or that small creature... I think in my books I honor my father by writing about small living things. And in a way, I recapture those happy times. Recommendation The Very Hungry Caterpillar was originally published in 1969 and has become a classic. It is a good picture book to own or to take out of the library frequently. Children 2-5-years-old enjoy hearing the story again and again. Babies and toddlers particularly enjoy the board book edition. Happily, you will enjoy reading it to them again and again also. Add to the fun by making a story sack to go along with the book. See directions for a variety of story sacks, including a story sack for on our  Family Crafts site. (Philomel Books, 1983, 1969. ISBN: 9780399208539)

Self Assessment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Self Assessment - Assignment Example There are different tools and mechanisms that have been designed to not only examine a person’s character traits, but also use this information in practical evaluation and classification activities (Archer & Smith, 2008). Commonly referred to as the Big Five personality test, the five-factor of model of personality is an important personality analysis tool. The entire assessment presented in this character analysis tool is founded of five important dimensions forming part of the reason for human behavior. The five dimensions of human behavior comprise of agreeableness, extroversion, openness to experience, emotional stability, and conscientiousness. People vary from each other with regards to their utility of these dimensions undergirding social behavior. The difference in the applicability of these qualities from one person to another is the basis through which this study test classifies people into distinct groups (Groth-Marnat, 2003). According to results from the Big Five test, there are important personal traits I learnt about myself. The test was designed to examine 15 different elements and each of this was important in the general study of my character trait. According to the Big Five test, I scored an eight on extraversion tests and the test gave me 11 on agreeableness related study. I had 13 on the conscientiousness and emotional stability tests. The analysis on openness-to-experience was giving me an overall score of eight. The element of agreeableness is used to assess to what level a person is good-natured, trusting and cooperative. Conscientiousness is used in the study of a person’s responsibility, persistence, and dependability levels. This test also analyzes the nature and level of achievement focus in a person. The test analyzed the element of extraversion through assessing how sociable a person was, how reserved they tend to be, and whether they are a quiet or talkative person. Personally, I am a bit quiet and reserved. I

Dividend Policy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Dividend Policy - Case Study Example The 1970s was the decade of the two great oil price shocks (1973 and 1979/80) that were to have serious effects on the world's economies. It was also a decade when the major oil companies saw a decisive change in their old concessionary relationships. Like its major competitors, BP lost direct access to most of its supplies of OPEC oil as the OPEC countries took control of production and prices. The 1973 price explosion had a dramatic effect on demand. BP's oil sales started falling for the first time since 1952 (with the exception of 1957, the year of the Suez crisis). By 1978, sales had recovered somewhat; but then came the Iranian revolution and another major rise in the price of oil. In 1979, BP suffered further blows when its assets in Nigeria were nationalised and its supplies from Kuwait cut back. By 1980, its sales were down again. The entire oil industry was affected by the events of the 1970s. But thanks to BP's large investment programme in areas outside the Middle East, the company showed, as it had done in Iran in 1951 that it could survive. As noted, of key importance were the developments of its oilfield discoveries in the North Sea and Alaska. In the autumn of 1975, BP pumped ashore the first oil from the North Sea's UK sector when it brought the Forties field on stream. This field development was financed by a bank loan of 370 million, then the largest wholly-private bank advance ever arranged. At its peak, Forties produced half a million barrels a day, equivalent to one-quarter of the UK's daily oil requirement. Today, BP's other oil- and gas-producing countries include Abu Dhabi, Australia, Colombia, Norway and Papua New Guinea The spirit of enterprise continues (mid-1970s - today) Diversification and a new structure The upheavals of the 1970s led BP to conclude that it should broaden its activities so that it could operate in the future with more balanced sources of income. Accordingly, from the mid-1970s there was increased emphasis on diversification into new areas of activity. BP's entry into the nutrition business originated in the 1950s, when the company's French researchers began to develop a process for converting oil into protein. Although the process was later discarded, BP developed other interests in nutrition. From the mid-1970s, it became involved in animal feed, animal breeding and consumer foods and related products. As a result of the purchase in 1986 of the US company, Purina Mills, BP Nutrition became one of the world's largest feed millers. In 1990, it also took responsibility for BP's household cleaning and personal care products -- successors of the old detergents business. Another industry which BP entered in the mid-1970s was minerals. BP expanded its minerals interests considerably in 1980, when, in what was then the London stock market's largest-ever takeover bid, it bought Selection Trust, the British-based mining finance house. In the following year, Standard Oil

Female Infanticides Essay Example for Free

Female Infanticides Essay For many decades China has been carrying out brutal actions among female infants which are known to be female infanticides. Female infanticides started in 1957 when China’s Chairman Mao Zedong wanted the country’s population to stay under six million for many years (Jimmerson). Leaders then came to a realization that a long term action would have to take place. Therefore they proposed a law stating that a couple could only have one child and two at the most if the net household income increased (Jimmerson). When this law was proposed, families pushed for males, this led to a significant decrease in the female population in the rural areas of China. As women were starting to become pregnant under the new one child law, they wanted to give birth to males. Reasoning behind this was the males carried on the family name, they were the ones that honored their ancestors, and the ones to take care of their parents as they got older (Jimmerson). Because of the great demand for male babies the women sought to find out ultrasonically whether they were having a daughter or a son (Schorn). The woman would go to the closest village in her town where they do an ultrasound to figure out if she was having a baby girl or boy (Schorn). If the woman found out she was giving birth to a girl, she would do one of two things to get rid of the baby. She would either have a sex-selective abortion, or once the baby is born the family would neglected and mistreat the girl until she was killed. Sex-selective abortion is when the baby is killed inside the mother’s stomach before birth only because tests show that a female would be born. Then if the mother chose to keep the girl, in most cases she would be severely abused before the age of three (Banister). Those choices would be continuously made until the couple has a boy or if the couple gives up on having children. When they cannot have any more children because of age or just want to stop trying those are the only cases in which the girl stays alive and healthy (Lee). There are numerous ways that the Chinese neglect and kill the young girls of their society. Such ways include starvation, snapping of the spinal cord, wrapping tightly until uffocation occurs, poisoning, strangling, and even drowning (Shelton). Some families have been known to leave the baby girls in or near dumpsters. Chen Rong shared with BBC News her findings of five baby girls in a dumpster over a number of years. Rong said, â€Å"Another scavenger had taken her clothes and left the little girl to die I was the only one to pick her up; I could not see her die. † Rong has taken the little girls she has found back to her one- room brick shack and attempts to nourish them back to health (Brookes). If the little girls are found by Rong, that is their only chance at life. Rong is not the only citizen finding female infants in dumpsters. A premature infant that doctors said to be between 32 and 34 weeks old and was only three pounds was found in a plastic bag with the placenta and umbilical cord still attached (unknown author). Not only was the premature infant in a plastic bag with everything attached to her, but she had a cut in her throat that was about two inches deep and lead from the skin to her windpipe (unknown author). Since China has continued running its country under the one child law, the ratio of females to males has significantly decreased. According to the 1990 census there are 117 boys per 100 girls (Banister). Also the females of the country have a higher reported infant mortality rate at 118 (Banister). Also statistically there have been over four million births prevented (unknown author). China is calling this the Missing-Girl Phenomenon (Banister). No country should support or be involved with these disturbing actions, therefore 132 out of 196 countries are for eliminating all forms of discrimination against women and 68 countries are against torture and other cruel, inhumane, or degrading treatment of punishment (Peck). Peck also says that, â€Å"All human beings are born free and equal†¦ No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel punishment. † Yet children are among those who suffer most from human rights abuse (Peck). Female infanticides are most common in China and India yet it still happens in Nepal, Great Britain, Canada, South Korea, and even the United States (Shelton). â€Å"When a child is born its race, gender, religious views, and culture determine its destiny† (Peck). No matter what country, gender, race, or religion, a child should not have to go through horrible torture like the children of China. Female infanticides are among the worst of all types of abuse out there in the world today. Still so many countries in the world are known for abusing innocent little children. Children should not be put into a situation at an age where they cannot make a decision on their own, nor should they have to face this horrible abuse no matter what age they are. Everyone deserves to live a care-free life.

Parkinsons Disease and Tissue Transplants Essay -- Health Medicine Me

For nearly 100 years neural tissue has been transplanted in animals. Transplantation of neural tissue into humans, however, began only a few years ago (1). It has been found in animals, that fetal brain grafts in damaged adult host brains reduce some of the functional deficits caused by brain lesions. Even though some neurons from the transplanted tissue survive and develop reciprocal connections with host brain tissue, this is not enough to completely replace damaged fibers and support behavioral recovery Usually the grafts will not develop a normal morphological appearance, but some metabolic activity can be found within the transplant. Release and diffusion of trophic substances from the transplant and the damaged host brain may partially restore neuronal and behavioral functions. It is hypothesized that this combination of fetal brain transplants and trophic substances may provide a better opportunity for recovery than either treatment given by itself. While this paper focuses on fetal brain grafts as a means to treat Parkinsonism, research is also being conducted in conjunction with Alzheimer’s Disease, visual, frontal, and motor cortex lesions, hippocampal lesions, and many others (2,3) There are two current approaches to neural transplantation regarding Parkinson s; adrenal medullary and fetal brain grafts. Both methods suffer from limitations in tissue availability, cellular uniformity, and general applicability. The success of neural transplantation in animal models of Parkinson’s syndrome led to its clinical application in human patients with the syndrome. Each of the two methods mentioned has advantages and disadvantages. Transplantation of adrenal medullary tissue has the advantage of ready availability of human le... ... 1990, 28: 585-599. 3. Mickley, G. A. et. al. Neural grafts attenuate behavioral deficits produced by early radiation-induced hypoplasia of fascia dentate granule cells. Brain Research, 1990, 509: 280-292. 4. Bredesen, D. E. et. al. Neural Transplantation Using Temperature-sensitive Immortalized Neural Cells: A Preliminary Report. Ann. Neurol., 1990, 27: 205-207. 5. Hirsch, E. C. et. al. Does adrenal graft enhance recovery of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease. Ann Neurol., 1990; 27: 676-682. 6. Kordower, J. H. et. al. Putative Chromaffin Cell Survival and Enhanced Host-derived TH-fiber Innervation Following a Functional Adrenal Medulla Autograft for Parkinson’s Disease. Ann Neurol., 1991; 29: 405-412. 7. Stromberg, I. et. al. Reinnervation of Dopamine-denervated striatum by Substantia Nigra Transplants. Neuroscience, 1985, 14: 981-990.

Analysis of Sonny’s Blues by James Baldwin

â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† by author James Baldwin tells the tale of two brothers; one good and one evil. The narrator paints the two brothers as â€Å"light† and â€Å"dark†. The author James Baldwin writes about his relationship with his brother Sonny whom was the â€Å"dark† brother. In essence, this story is about the struggle of two black brothers growing up in Harlem. This essay incorporates the struggles that Black men and women go through on a daily basis. Though both brothers were from the ghetto, the narrator seems to have assimilated into the larger society/culture; he was a school teacher doing generally well in what we call life. Sonny on the other hand turned to drugs (heroin) to escape from the pain and suffering he endured growing up a black man in the 1950’s. â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† also tells the reader about how art and music was a huge part of Black people’s lives in Harlem. Many looked towards music for an escape; Sonny turned towards Jazz to release his pain and anguish. This story does have a Biblical theme behind it. Like the story of light and darkness in the Bible, Baldwin uses these phrases to reference the life or the characters. One critic agrees with this Biblical interpretation; author James Tackach actually wrote a criticism called â€Å"the biblical foundation of James Baldwin’s â€Å"Sonny’s Blues†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. Tackach’s interpretation was based on Baldwin’s real life. He expressed that Baldwin was born in the Church and therefore knew the Bible intimately. Tackach fells as though Baldwin uses his vast knowledge of Biblical stories to help tell the tale of Sonny and his brother. In Tackachs critical analysis of â€Å"Sonny’s Blues†, he writes that no other critical analysis has identified the two main biblical texts that form the foundation of Baldwin’s story; the Cain and Abel story and the story of the Prodigal Son. In accordance with Tackachs criticism, I believe that that story did have a Biblical undertone like the two stories listed above. Both stories, Cain and Abel and The Prodigal Son, have the same plot as â€Å"Sonny’s Blues†. All of these stories are brothers fighting with one another and each brother in all of three stories has the â€Å"good† and the â€Å"bad† qualities about them. Like previously stated, Sonny was the good brother; so were the Prodigal son and Cain. Tackach also talked about the â€Å"cup of trembling† which was a Biblical term that symbolizes sinners that were now redeemed. When the narrator sends Sonny a drink at the end of the story, he claims that it is like the â€Å"cup of trembling†. This is another term taken from the Bible to symbolize the relationship between the two brothers. Tackach seems to use biographical and historical criticism when breaking down the story of â€Å"Sonny’s Blues†. Like Tackachs, Michael Clark’s criticism ‘Light and Darkness in â€Å"Sonny’s Blues†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ also uses the â€Å"light† and â€Å"darkness† to describe the story. The â€Å"light† being the ‘good’ and the â€Å"dark† being the ‘bad’ qualities. Unlike Tackachs, Clark uses these terms to refer to the emotions felt by Sonny when he was on drugs, thinking about his life or when playing his piano; his jazz music. In â€Å"Sonny’s Blues†, the narrator writes â€Å"I feel like a man who’s been trying to climb up out of some deep, real deep and funky hole and just saw the sun up there, outside. I got to get outside. † Clark uses the â€Å"funky hole† to describe the darkness and â€Å"the sun† to describe the light. To Clark, the whole story is about how Sonny feels and how his music portrays his emotions, his despair and finally his joy. I agree with Clark, It seems as though Sonny is always in pain or joyous. There seems to be no in between with him. Most of the time, Sonny is depressed or melancholy. He only finds real happiness in the last few sentences of the story. Sonny only expressed his joy when he is clean and playing his beloved piano. This did occur in the beginning of the story too, when Sonny moved into Isabelle’s house. Isabelle had a piano inside and Sonny seemed very happy to know this. Sonny played jazz music all the time until Isabelle and her family received a note saying that Sonny was missing school. After Sonny was scolded, he stopped playing the piano and began his journey through the darkness. He continued this until the end of the story when he finally kicked his habit. The â€Å"light† and the â€Å"darkness† analogy Clark used were perfect for this story because it captured the struggles Sonny went through, throughout the short story.

The Online Banking Payment Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 14 Words: 4106 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Introduction Background of study 1.1.1 Online banking payment : definition Most of the people are so busy in their daily time. People who already married are busying sending their children go to school or try to earn a lot of caution money for future when need to use them urgently. Pinch pennies are so common to these people on their running expenses. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Online Banking Payment Finance Essay" essay for you Create order To make this more efficiency, they will do survey about a lot of supermarkets or shops to buy the cheapest and good quality products. Besides, they also try to save more time day-to-day. To save more time, online banking become a new age of banking program. Online banking payment is defined that through internet to transfer funds or money from one account to another account to develop banking activity such as paying loans or bills, shifting funds, inspecting account details and balances. Besides that, users also can pay mortgages and buying futures, warrants, options and others through online banking payments. So that, online banking payments can also be intituled internet banking payment. 1.1.2 Relationship between online browsing and online banking payment In this 21st century, internet has been comprehensive used by many estate of person such as businessman use it to expansion their business to advertise their products and services. In addition, students use it to consort together with their friends either in nation or oversea and mostly already replace from mobile phone. Mostly people use internet to find the information what they want to know and internet will help them to search and settle the problem they face. According to the survey which was done by A.C.Nielsen (2007) stated that more that 627 million of customers in the global have the experience of online purchasing. In addition, online business growing rapidly from year 2007 which is $228 billion to year 2009 which is $288 billion is found from a research by Forrester (2006). Besides, according to a survey done by Narges (2009), US users adopt online purchase increase from 46 percent in year 2004 to 61 percent in year 2010. The researcher ComScore who had found that the advance of usage of online banking over Southeast Asian from 2010 to 2011. Table 1.1.1 Comparing the total visitors online visitation by market from January 2010 until January 2011 Country January 2010 January 2011 Percentage Change Malaysia 2,360,000 2,746,000 16% Hong Kong 1,304,000 1,543,000 18% Vietnam 701,000 949,000 35% Singapore 779,000 889,000 14% Indonesia 435,000 749,000 72% Philippines 377,000 525,000 39% Source: https://www.comscore.com/Press_Events/Press_Releases/2011/3/Online_Banking_on_the_Rise_in_Southeast_Asia From the table 1.1, we can know that the online visitation by market is increasing year by year. That also caused the online purchase will grow in rapidly. So that this phenomena can prove that there is a relationship between online browsing and online banking payment. Table 1.1.2 Top 3 Visitors on online banking institution January 2011 Country 1st Online banker 2nd Online banker 3rd Online banker Malaysia Maybank Cimb PbeBank Hong Kong HSBC Bochk Standard Chartered PLC Vietnam Vietcombank Acb Dongabank Singapore DBS United Overseas Bank Group Citigroup Indonesia Bankmandiri BNI.co.id Citigroup Philippines Bpiexpressonline Citigroup HSBC Source: https://www.comscore.com/Press_Events/Press_Releases/2011/3/Online_Banking_on_the_Rise_in_Southeast_Asia In sum, online banking payment is an outcome show the feasibility to use online adhibition. There has confused that difficult to conclude that online banking payment is bring more convenience to bankers or users. But this is not the important to chew the cud because according to Singhal and Padhmanabhan (2008) stated that the increase of using online banking payments has proved that online banking has make a lot of flexibility to bankers and customers during the operations. 1.1.3 Crime rate and online banking payment Actually most of the country will face the same problem which is the crime rate in adopting ATM cards is become grisliness. The mobsters will glom the ATM cards from someone and make a copy to steal the passwords. After that, they can withdraw the money anytime until the users just aware. Besides, maybe some of harum-scarum people will lost their ATM cards, this will also give a chance to esurient to crime. Cases of rob bags are mostly happening in Malaysia. Robbers always aim to rob the woman who is walking alone on the way to work or car park or home no matter during daytime or night. Due to not lost their money, some of women will revolt with robber. But they fail and maybe lost their life because they slip down on way and be knocked by other vehicles. Besides, cases of smash cars window become the recently popular happened in Malaysia also. Many businessmen withdraw a lot of cash from bank institution to give employee salary or make payment to debtors and so on. But on th e way of journey to go to their destination, they maybe will have a rest and park their car at roadside. When they come back, the car window is already been smashed and lost that cash and other valuable things. For an example of case that just happened in our country Malaysia on March 2011, there is a case about a woman in Johor Bahru had been durance by few robbers. She mentioned that the robbers actually just want to rob her bags things just like handphone and money, but robbers saw that she has a saving account book which stated that has a lot of money. So they durance her and intimidate her to give them password. Luckily, she is safety and lost totally amount of RM9820. From all these kinds of crime cases, online banking payments is the way to solve and reduce them. Users will more likely to adopt online banking system than traditional banking because of trust and security. 1.1.4 Why did I choose this online banking I choose this title to become my study because online banking is already a necessary work in the future start from now and I conduct this study is to find out what and which types of factors will affect the customers to choose online banking payments. Besides, through these factors I want to know which one is the most important towards to customers to choose either online bank payments or go to actual bank make payments. I also need to find out each factors has at which level to separate them. Here come to the primary question. Why I choose this subject area? It is not only because of this subject area is interesting but also because of this subject area is most important for me as a student who studying banking and finance. If the usage of online banking payments are increasing, that means that factors are also in the successful way and being increasingly. Bankers should try to make more factors to have the perfect match for that bank to maintain customers loyalty and satisfact ion of using online banking payments. The main cooperative strategic of doing a business is to capture customers, we must first capture his or her heart. So that, we must know the need of customers and help them to achieve. Banker should develop the factors and probe them to customers the benefits of online banking payments. 1.1.5 How would I conduct online banking Here I conduct this study by using primary data which is survey method. I distribute those questionnaires to 200 users who have use online banking payments at now or once to help me to complete this study. Inside the questionnaire, all items are evaluated by respondents on a five point likert scale such as strongly disagree, disagree, neutral, agree and strongly agree. In addition, the result will come out from using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). There are five variables in factors which are trust and security, convenience and flexibility, transaction related benefits, real time information and monthly summary. Each variable has their meaning and has different influence on online banking payments. What method is each variable influence online banking payments? Before study this, I have to know meaning of each variable and separate among them to make this study more easily and clearly. 1.2 Problem Statement Online banking has seen rapid adoption. But why cause online banking is adopted? Is the social environment problem? Recently we can know some news about robbery cases in Malaysia. The robbers always aim the customers who just withdraw cash from banks and will follow them until they get the chance to rob them. The customers not only will lost their cash, they maybe also hurt by robbers. To avoid these types of cases, government encourage customers not withdraw so much cash from bank, and suggest them to use online banking systems or cheques is better. 1.3 Research Question What are the most factor affecting customers to choose online banking payments 1.4 Research Objective 1.4.1 Main Objective The study mainly aimed to determine factors influencing MMU undergraduate students in adopting the online banking payment. 1.4.2 Specific Objective In specific, the study aim : to find out the relationship between all of these independent variables and online banking payments. to determine the difference in using online banking payments based on demographic variables such as gender, age, nationality, ethnicity, and education level whether the respondent is user or non-user. to provide more information to bankers in creating more organized and user-friendly online banking payments features in Malaysia. 1.5 Significance of study 1.5.1 Significance definition Researcher should expressly justify the significance of study to make the study useful and bring benefits to others. In the other words, significance of the study is the segment where the researchers impart others how they could use it and how their study would be available to clear people or segments of the society. In the market, mostly companies have the same purpose which are can make a lot of earning and benefits during operating their business. Other than expand their business, they also need to minimize their cost and maximize their opportunity. 1.5.2 Significance of online banking payment At the beginning, researcher must know that actually not all the users are satisfied to online banking payment. Due to some cases such like there will auto detract funds from their bank account but they did not do so, they will still less and lack of trustfulness in adopting online banking to make any transaction and payment. So that, through this research can find more the reason why users not satisfied and less satisfied to online banking payment. That become a necessary to bank institutions to improve all of these problems. Based on research, management can organize a good strategic and decision. Banks know need to provide what kind of products and services to customers. For an example, bankers know what are the most factor can affect customers in adopting the online banking payments. So they will improve this area of strategic to achieve customers anticipate such as when customer use online to pay any loan or others, they will be rebated 0.5% to encourage them continues usin g this service. They can also can find more independent variable based on research. In sum up, research make the bank institutions are able to choose the most efficient, profitable and productive of decision. 1.6 Scope of study Due to this study is about bank, so that I am targeting on the customers of local banks in Malaysia. In this research, I narrowed down my focus on three banks, which are CIMB, Public bank and Maybank. My specific respondents will be students from Multimedia University Melaka Campus (MMU) of any year level and course because all students can use online banking to make payments. The limitation of this research is the respondents are not outside of the campus means they must be MMU students. In other words, only those undergraduate students are allowed to participate in the research. This is based my study more focus and clear in this stage. Actually I narrowed down to these three banks is because these banks have more famous and complete system on online banking payments. On top of that, universities are great environment for students to commence entrepreneurship. Thus, it is not unusual for some students to start doing their business during their studies in universities. They sel l some products at their website and the customers also use online banking payments to purchase them. This method help sellers and buyers save more time and bring many convenience to them because they not need go to bank to make or check payments. 1.7 Operational Definition 1.7.1 Online Banking Online banking or is called internet banking empower customers to transact financial institution on a very security website operated by their specific banker from their accounts. 1.7.2 Trust and Security In Supriya Singh and Claudia Slegers study in 1997, they stated that trust actually very hardness to explain due to it is spread all over and nebulous. According to Amir Herzberg in 2003, he mentioned that security is one of the motivation to adopt online banking. The security is overturn. 1.7.3 Convenience and Flexibility According to Amir Herzberg in 2003, he mentioned that convenience is another one of the motivation to adopt online banking also because convenience can bring a lot of benefits such as user can paying for services or buying some products in cars, trains or planes. Flexibility is user can use online banking to payment any time and any place. They not need to go to bank to queue for waiting a long time. They also can transfer fund to urgent family or friends at midnight which is bank is already closed. 1.7.4 Transaction related benefits For transaction through online banking, means that what benefits will the users receive by adopting it such as lower or saving transaction cost, faster transfer, easy to use and so on. 1.7.5 Real time information Real time can be defined what time at that second of moment. So that real time information is the online banking system can provide the users can check for interest rates at that time, the balance amount of users accounts, promotions given by financial institutions and others. (Sadique et al, 2009) 1.7.6 Monthly Summary Every transaction processed by customers will have a record in their account. So that customers can check their transactions easily and can be a record or note. It is giving safety to them doing their business. 1.8 Organizational of Research The research project consists of five chapters: Chapter One covers the introduction of the topic which is factors influencing MMU undergraduate students in adopting online banking payment to provide a thorough understanding for readers. Inside chapter one includes the background of study, problem statement, research question, research objective, significance of study, scope of study, operational definition and organizational of research. Chapter Two covers the literature review which includes the defined of factors and online banking payments. Besides, I will provide the online banking payments research in Malaysia and prior research on the dimensions of each independent variable which are trust and security, convenience and flexibility, transaction related benefits, real time information and monthly summary. Chapter Three will be introduced the research methodology. In this part, I will definite a short what is research methodology. And the difference between conceptual d evelopment and hypotheses development will also be appeared in this chapter. What is the data source and questionnaire development I will organize in this chapter. Sampling method and data collection method also important in this chapter. Finally, data analysis techniques for the research are also provided. Chapter Four will explain each the data result or is called data analysis finding and discussion. All these results are used SPSS to find and will show from the questionnaires which I use to survey to research. In this chapter four illuminates respondents profile, mean analysis of the variable, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis. Chapter Five is the last chapter which will be narrated the discussion and conclusion for the research. Furthermore, it will cover contribution to research, contribution to practice, limitation of study and suggestion for future research. Chapter Two Literature Review 2.1 Introduction Online banking is a transaction of funds and money from one account to another account without limit at places and time through using internet. Home banking can be defined that via the computer and telephone connecting to any bank institution at home. Phone banking is the use of mobile phone which can connect to banker through internet. In sum, there still have many type of banking system in the global which have their main objective and purpose during adopting them. According to Heinonen (2006), the customers of banks nowadays service themselves by using ATMs, internet or mobile phone. That is technological interfaces that give a chance to consumers manufacture a straight forward services to employees with these type of self-service technologic. So that in his study, he mentioned that the important actions the banks should do is how to increase their service. But he signaled that not means is a needs to increase services. He suggested bank sectors can concentrate on improve the ir service quality which the customers really needs and is more efficient than studying service value. Luckily, the expansion of using online banking payment in recently is a good approvement. For one example is there is a linkage between bank sectors and customers to develop their relationship remotely by managing of online banking payment methods. This bring a lot of expedience to financial institutions to link customers details and can help credit management department when examine a customer has the ability to pay the repayment loan or not. As Herzberg (2003) pointed out not only computer just can use online banking, but also mobile devices is become a new uptrend of using online banking. Nowadays, many businessman owns the mobile devices with high technological such as PDA phones, IPAD to connect internet anywhere and anytime. He compared these devices with computer, these devices is more availability for developing payment and transaction of fund. So that from this, I can conclude that process of online banking payment will done by electronic, is called electronic banking. Electronic banking can be defined the use of the technologic which can connect to internet to get back or process any banking data, details of transaction and others directly from link from any financial institutions website. 2.2 Trust and security Why so many customers adopting online banking payment? One of the factors is trust and security. Online banking payment cause them feel is a safety payment. When they want to start to use this service must apply from bank then get a code. After that they login to their personal account, they change the pin or password to login. This means that when the customer want to make payment or check any detail through online, he/she need to type this password just can successful login. When customer want to transfer fund to other customer account, the online banking system will also double confirm to user. So that, customers are very trust this online banking payment system and is very security. As the point of Singhal and Padhmanabhan (2008), there is a survey mentioned security is the most important factors adopting online banking payment rated by member institutions. To save against fraud and customers privacy, there is a dual demand (Mishra). According to Sarel and Marmorstein (20 06), they found that to increase number of bank customers, bank not only must provide a good service, but security is also play a main role to meet the target numbers. For an example is they said that there is a survey (Gartner, 2004) stated that US online banking has a fail due to lack of security provided by their country bank industries. In this study, they also found that UK also frustrated offered security to their customers and cause a lot of social environment problems in year 2005 such as account hijacking and fraud of online business and other abnormal actions. Besides, another is trust by customers is important to bank to expansion their banks reputation and help the online banking growth. So how must banker to achieve it? Bank should study and survey how to achieve consumer needs and perception management. Based on the research by Singh and Slegers (1997), they mentioned that has a previous study which is lack of space and time can relate trust. Continuing visible of a ctivities is the reason why not need to trust someone anyway and the produce will clarity and trust the online banking system whose tasking were understood and known. According to Aladwani (2001), customers trust and security has the power to attract and improve the future online banking usage and cause the environment become an online ethos and will also the enhance of usage of online technologic products just like the new products Ipad, Web book, Iphone and so on. In his study has also concern about the percentage frauds of online banking has been affected to advance due to the expansion of usage online banking in the online environment is increasing. Trust and security can become a tool to banker which can make customers have more expectation to banker and surely will increase an improve the relationship between them also. 2.3 Convenience and flexibility In addition, convenience and flexibility is another reason which influencing users in adopting online banking payment. The customers through online can transfer payment and check any detail about their account. In some rural places, it may difficult to people to find or go the bank to process their payment. Besides, it will cost them to go far to bank in or withdraw money to presence to bank themselves because it is very waste their time. And maybe the bank at rural place does not has enough employees or services provide to customers. Customers will also distrust about the system between this rural bank and town bank. All of these will affect the number of customers. How to avoid this problem? Bank institution can try to organize more service provide to customers to use online banking system. For now the services have online payments, transfer funds to other customers, checking account details and so on. I suggest that banker also can let customers to bank in fixed deposits by t hemselves and auto print out and update the certificate of fixed deposit. All these type of service not only give convenience to banker, but also the customers have the flexibility. Online banking allow customers to transfer fund between account and credit cards also. On the other words, online banking just like having a flow ATM machine anywhere and also have a new-up-to-date flow bank statement also. According to Herzberg (2003), he pointed out a user of devices can increase and improve convenience. He mentioned that a customer can use a single device to do a lot of actions such as payment, transfer fund, investment, retail payment and nowadays also can be monitor to connect to CCTV at home. According to Singhal and Padhmanabhan (2008), they stated that online banking bring convenience to financial institution. In this study include that customers flexibility and convenience is provided more than the traditional bank services at a lower cost by adopting online banking paymen t (Williamson, 2006). Williamson also has stated that online banking help users easy to use and at a convenience and fastest way to manage their money. Besides, helping customers have better financial management and different type of patterns withdraw of cash and manage of everyday earning and expenses (Beer, 2006). Primary factor of adopting online banking payment that is saving time can be found in Arnett and Liu study. That is why many customers prefer to use online banking payment because the time factor (Beer, 2006). Otherwise, bank can put the spot news or information on their website to let users to know. Users not need direct go the bank to check any promotions and can up-to-date check the interest rates or currency exchange rate through online. So that, this will save the time of users and will less the time of bankers employees (Srivastara, 2006). According to Singhal and Padhmanabhan (2008), they found that the framework perception is the transfer fund is faster. The users just need to login their account and type in the account number which will receive the fund. After the system checking all the details are correct then the transaction is successful. So that, the benefits of online banking is the distract money and information anytime at anywhere just need to use an online device to process it. Furthermore, online business is also become rapidly increase because there is a significant between convenience. Users through online found any information about that products which they may willing to buy. After they done a lot of survey between all the sellers who provide better products or prices, then will contact to them. The seller just need to give consumer the account number and the buyers also just online transfer fund to them. This action not only can increase the business sales, but users also have convenience and flexibility during the buying and selling markets. 2.4 Transaction related benefits